The benefits of exercise for physical and mental health have been widely recognized ( Haskell et al. These results suggest that aggressive exercise decreases individuals’ self-perceived pain and increases their empathic responses to others’ pain.Īggressive, empathy, ERP, exercise, pain Introduction Results of study 2 showed that both P3 and LPP amplitudes to others’ pain were larger after intervention with aggressive exercise than with nonaggressive exercise. Study 1’s results showed that P2 amplitudes were smaller, reaction times were longer, and participants’ judgments were less accurate in response to self-perceived pain stimuli, especially to high-pain stimuli, after intervention with aggressive exercise compared to nonaggressive exercise. Study 2 recruited 36 participants whose responses to others’ pain were assessed after intervention with aggressive or nonaggressive exercise. Study 1 included 38 participants whose self-perceived pain was assessed after intervention with aggressive or nonaggressive exercises. This present study addresses this question by conducting 2 studies employing event-related potential (ERP). However, little is known about how aggressive exercise modulates individuals’ responses to their own and others’ pain. Previous studies have reported relationships between exercise and pain.
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